Spring MVC的配置和使用
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推荐：Spring MVC配置
前提使用org.springframework.×-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar 引用： http://static.springsource.org/docs/Spring-MVC-step-by-step/part1.html web.xml <x
笔记仓库：https://github.com/nnngu/LearningNotes Spring MVC需要的jar包 文章中 Spring MVC 使用的版本是 3.2.18 ， 需要的 jar 包如下： spring-webmvcjstl 1.1.2aopalliance 1.0commons-logging 1.1.1spring-aopspring-beansspring-contextspring-corespring-expressionspring-web 使用 Maven 构建的 Java 项目，需要在 pom.xml 中添加如下依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.2.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> 前期准备 1、在com.nnngu.entity包下创建 User.java 代码如下： package com.nnngu.entity;import java.io.Serializable;public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String pwd;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}} 2、在下图所示的位置创建两个 jsp 页面 create.jsp的代码如下： <%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lijiawei
Date: 13/02/2018
Time: 14:08
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.--%><%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>创建用户</title></head><body><form action="save" method="post">
<fieldset>
<legend>创建用户</legend>
<p>
<label>姓名：</label> <input type="text" id="name" name="name"
tabindex="1">
</p>
<p>
<label>年龄：</label> <input type="text" id="age" name="age"
tabindex="2">
</p>
<p>
<label>密码：</label> <input type="text" id="pwd" name="pwd"
tabindex="3">
</p>
<p id="buttons">
<input id="reset" type="reset" tabindex="4" value="重置"> <input
id="submit" type="submit" tabindex="5" value="创建">
</p>
</fieldset></form></body></html> detail.jsp 的代码如下： <%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: lijiawei
Date: 13/02/2018
Time: 14:08
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.--%><%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>用户详情</title></head><body><div id="gloobal">
<h4>创建成功</h4>
<p>
<h5>详情：</h5>
姓名：${user.name}<br/>
年龄：${user.age}<br/>
密码：${user.pwd}<br/>
</p></div></body></html> 配置Spring MVC 1、在 web.xml 文件中进行如下配置： <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<filter>
<description>字符集过滤器</description>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<description>字符集编码</description>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc-context.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping></web-app> 2、在下图所示的位置创建 springmvc-context.xml springmvc-context.xml的代码如下： <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans:beans xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd ">
<!-- 对包中的所有类进行扫描，以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.nnngu"/>
<!-- 启动基于Spring MVC的注解功能，将控制器与方法映射加入到容器中 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 这个类用于Spring MVC视图解析 -->
<beans:bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</beans:bean></beans:beans> 3、编写 Controller 在上图所示的位置创建 UserController.java ，代码如下： package com.nnngu;import com.nnngu.entity.User;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;/** * 用户管理 */@Controllerpublic class UserController {
@RequestMapping("")
public String Create(Model model) {
return "create";
}
@RequestMapping("/save")
public String Save(@ModelAttribute("form") User user, Model model) { // user:视图层传给控制层的表单对象；
model:控制层返回给视图层的对象
model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "detail";
}} 测试 启动项目，在浏览器输入 localhost:8080 测试成功。
一，配置分发器 DispatcherServlet 是Spring MVC 的入口 所有进入Spring Web 的 Request 都经过 DispatcherServlet 需要在 web.xml 中注册 DispatcherServlet <s
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